Glaucoma is a formidable eye condition that affects millions around the globe. In spite of how many people have the disease, there are still many misconceptions about this condition. Understanding the facts about glaucoma can help in early detection and effective management to prevent vision loss. Here, Dr. George Khouri at Palm Beach Eye Center explains the most important things you need to know about glaucoma.
What Causes Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is typically caused by high intraocular pressure (IOP), which destroys the optic nerve over time. The exact mechanism of elevated IOP varies, but it often results from a buildup of aqueous humor (the fluid that nourishes the eye).
This can occur due to blockages in the drainage system of the eye or an imbalance in fluid production. In some cases, glaucoma can also develop despite normal IOP, which suggests other factors may contribute to optic nerve damage.
Facts Everyone Should Know About Glaucoma:
There are four important facts about glaucoma to be aware of:
The first is the “silent progression.” Glaucoma is commonly known as the “silent thief of sight” because of its tendency to progress slowly and without obvious symptoms until it causes substantial vision loss.
By the time symptoms become apparent, irreversible damage to the optic nerve may have already happened. Regular eye exams, including measurement of intraocular pressure and optic nerve evaluation, can detect glaucoma in its early stages.
The second fact involves risk factors. While glaucoma can affect anyone regardless of age, certain factors increase the risk of developing the condition. These include advanced age, family history of the disease, African or Hispanic ancestry, high intraocular pressure, and certain comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. Individuals with these risk factors should be particularly careful about their eye health.
The third fact involves the types of glaucoma. It has several distinct types, each with its own characteristics and treatment approaches. The most common form is primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), wherein the eye’s filtration system is partially blocked, leading to fluid buildup and pressure in the eye.
Other types include angle-closure glaucoma — wherein the eye’s filtration system is completely blocked — as well as normal-tension glaucoma and secondary glaucoma.
The last fact deals with the treatment options. While glaucoma cannot be cured, treatment can effectively slow or halt disease progression to preserve remaining vision.
Treatment options may include medicated eye drops to lower intraocular pressure, oral medications, laser therapy to improve fluid drainage, or surgical procedures to create a new drainage pathway. The choice of treatment depends on the type and severity of glaucoma.
Book an Appointment for Glaucoma Treatment in Florida
By understanding glaucoma’s causes, risk factors, and treatment options, you can take proactive steps to protect your vision. If you would like to schedule an eye exam to assess the health of your eyes or ask about treatments, call us at 561-366-8300 and schedule an appointment with Palm Beach Eye Center.
